Preparing oranges



` (No Model.)

s. PARWBLL. PREPARING ORANGBS, &c., FOR SHIPMENT.

110.416.834. V Patented 1160.10, 1889.

'hnmumm ...IM il* "lmll I l w WEZ-y N. PETKRS. Phumdjlhngraplwr. Washinglnn. D.C.

UNITE-D STATES VPATENT @,FFICE.'

siMEon FARWELL, or EvANsToN, ILLINOIS.

PRlaPARlrie. ol-eANeE-sJ abo., FOR SHIPMENT. l

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Iatent` No. 416,S`34, dated December 10, 188,9.;

Application iiled March 20,18'89. Serial No. 304,027. (No model.) p

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known' that I, SIMEON FARWELI, a citizen of the United States, residing at Evanston, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Process for Preparing Oranges Aand other Like Fruits for Shipment, which is fully set forth in the following speciication, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure l represents a perspective view of a device for carrying out my invention; Fig. 2, a perspective View of a fruit-box for use with the same; Fig. 3, a vertical section of the device modified in construction; Fig. 4, a cross-section of the same, taken on the line l l of Fig. 2 and broken away at one side; Fig.-

' 5, a vertical section of still another modification, and Fig. 6 a perspective View of the fruit-box for use with the same.

The temperature of some tropical countries which produce oranges and other like fruits is, of course, comparatively high, and in most cases the atmosphere is valso humid. The fruit, when` picked, is therefore warm and moist, and when packed for transportation in this condition the liability to decay is very great, even though the precaution of wrap-` ping the fruit be employed. It is Well known that there is a large percentage of loss from decay in the transportation of this class of fruits. y

It is the object of my invention to obviate this difficulty and save this loss by cert-ain treatment of the fruit before packing, wherebyits tendency to decay will be greatly lesscned. y

The invention consists in submittingthe fruit before packing toa current of cool air,

` of the case.

confined, so as to make something ofa blast, and that the fruit shall be separated or loosely held in suitable receptacles, so that the air may pass freely about every single orange or other fruit that may be treated.V i In the drawings I have shown an apparatus adapted to the application of `rny process; but this is given for the purpose of illustrating some means of carrying out the process practically, andl do not wish to. be understood as limiting myself to the construction here shown or any other construction of` de:l

vicesfor the purpose. f In Fig. l of the drawings, A represents a case of rectangular form, which is divided lengthwise by a vertical partition a, running its entire length and dividing the compart.-

ment into two separate spaces on each side of the structure. In the interior of the case there are also set upon the bottom vertical cross-partitions B, which extend nearly to the top of the case, and also similar partitions C, which depend from the top and extend nearly to the bottom, being arranged between `the partitions B. It will thus be seen that na passage is made from one end of the case to the other, alternately over and under these crosspartitions. .4 The spaces lbetween the crosspartitions are also divided by one or more horizontal partitions D, which, however, are

skeleton in construction, being cutalmost' entirely away between the partitions. It will be seen that the space within the case on each side of the central partition is thus divided into small rectangular compartments. Small boxes or receptacles E, Fig. 2, areprovided, fitting these compartments in the sides The boxes are open at the top and have a bottom e, of coarse wire mesh or grating. At one end of the case, which may be called the front end, there is along narrow opening a', cut at the bottom edge of the end piece, which constitutes 'an air-passage into the lower port-ion of the first compartment, the first cross-partit ion at this end being set on the bottom. end of the case there is asimilar opening a2 in the top of the box, which provides an airopening out from the upper portion of the last compartment, the last cross-partition at this end being one depending from the top.

At the opposite IOO The sides d3 may be hinged` at one edge or the other for conveniently opening the case to introduce and remove the fruit-boxes.

The boxes are loosely lled with oranges or other like fruit and set Within the openings in the case on eachside, and the sides of the case are then closed. Obviously, if a current of air is now introduced into the case at the lower opening et', it will pass up through the boxes of fruit in the rst division, the grated bottoms of the boxes permitting this operation; thence over the top ofthe first partition and down through the boxes in the next division, and so on until itiinally escapes from the openings a2 in the top at the other end of the case. The blast or current of cool air maybe supplied by aj blower orV any other suitablel apparatus. I have not shown anything of this kind in the drawings, for various devices of this nature are' Well,v known and in common use. It will be understood, ofcourse, that whatever mechanism is used to produceA the current must be connected by suitable air-conduits with the end openings a into they case. The blower being put in operation, a constant current of air will be driven through the fruit-receptacles, and coming in contact with the fruit will carry off time-will slightly dry and harden the rind of the fruit. Inspection will show when this processhas been carried sufficiently far for practical purposes. continued long enough to seriously dry the rind. The oranges or other fruit should then be packed in boxes at once in the ordinary way. It will be found that'oranges or other similar fruit thus treated will be much less liable tol decay during transportation than when packed in the usual way. The fruit-receptacles may be made large enough to accommodate only a single layer of the fruit or more, as' may be found necessary for succes'sfully drying and hardening the surface.

The remaining figures of the drawings simply illustrate modifications in the construction of the case, the principle of operation being the'same. In Figs. 3 and 4 the case F is scribed above, but the space on each side thereof is divided by horizontal partitions f and skeleton vertical partitions f The partitionsf may extend alternately to' each end of: the" case, or, as shown inthe drawings, they may simply extend to the outer crosspartition at each end, in which case a circu- Of course it must not be Vuzontal, and consequently must be through the sides of the fruit-boxes. In Fig. 5 the case I is divided by horizontal partitions 't' fand -skeleton cross-partitions t', thereby dividing off the space into a series of horizontal compartments having no connection with leach other above and below, The ends of the case are open. In this instance air-blast Vla the entire front end of the case.

pipe K is enlarged or funnel-shaped at its delivery end, so as to cover with the funnel. Theintef prior of the funnel is alsol divided by partitions k', running nearly tothe small end' of the funnel into smaller spaces or conduits corresponding to the horizontal divisions of the case.

It 'will be seen, then, that the vol- :ume of air coming through the air-pipe is subdivided and a portion driven through each of the horizontal compartments in the case, escaping at the rear end thereof'.

The fruit-boxes L in this instance must have their sides Z grated to permit the passage of air. all' surface-moisture, and if continued'a-little i The operation is practically the same in all 1 these instances, and the direction of the curg rents of air is shown by arrows in each of the figures.

Other modifications may be made in the apparatus, it being necessary only to provide a' -structure which Will permit the application of the cool-air currents to the fruit, as indiy cated above.

In the description above I have stated that cool air is employed, and I have used this term cool simply to indicate that the air is not to be artificially heated; but I donot 4mean by this termv that the air is to be `cooled--that is, artificially chilled.A I mean',

4simply, that the air is to be used in its nat' ural condition.

Having thus described my invention, what i I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

di'vided by the longitudinal partition, as de- 'g The herein-described process for'prepari-n'g Ioranges and other like fruit for shipment',

which consists in submitting the fresh fruit Whole to the action of a current orv blast of j cool air immediately before packing, whereby the fruit is cooled and the skin slightly dried and hardened, substantially as and for the' SIMEON FARWELL;

Witnesses CARRIE FEIGEL, IRVINE MILLER.

IOO

IIO 

